Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the Elderly

Overview: COPD is a group of lung diseases, including emphysema and chronic bronchitis, that cause airflow blockage and breathing-related problems. The primary cause is long-term exposure to irritants that damage the lungs, most often cigarette smoke.

Symptoms:

• Chronic Cough: Often accompanied by mucus production.
• Shortness of Breath: Especially during physical activities.
• Wheezing: A whistling or squeaky sound when breathing.
• Chest Tightness: Discomfort in the chest area.

Prevention and Treatment:

• Smoking Cessation: The most effective step to prevent COPD and slow its progression.
• Avoid Lung Irritants: Minimize exposure to pollutants, chemical fumes, and dust.
• Medication: Bronchodilators and corticosteroids to open airways and reduce inflammation.
• Pulmonary Rehabilitation: A program that includes exercise training, education, and support to improve lung function.
• Oxygen Therapy: For individuals with severe COPD, supplemental oxygen may be necessary.

Advice: Managing COPD involves lifestyle changes and adherence to treatment plans. Regular check-ups with a pulmonologist and vaccinations to prevent respiratory infections are also important.